AEP Span, based on BOF Steel

Environmental Product Declaration

AEP Span
2141 Milwaukee Way, Tacoma, Washington 98421
2441 Cinnabar Loop, Anchorage, Alaska 99507
10905 Beech Avenue Fontana, California 92337 800.733.4955 | info@aepspan.com |www.aepspan.com
AEP Span, a division of ASC Profiles LLC, is a leading manufacturer of architectural metal products, offering performance rated structural roof and wall panels. AEP Span affords the architectural community uncompromised design flexibility and freedom of expression by allowing architects to design and specify roofing and framing systems for new construction and re-roofing applications. AEP Span blends traditional design with contemporary technology and tested values.

ASC Profiles LLC is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of steel roof and wall products and structural roof and floor deck. At present, ASC Profiles operates manufacturing facilities in West Sacramento and Fontana, California; Tacoma and Spokane, Washington; Salem, Oregon; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Anchorage, Alaska.

Product
This EPD represents AEP Span (gauges 29 to 18) made from roll formed steel and protected with ZINCALUME® coating1 (an aluminum-zinc coating) or ZINCALUME® Plus coating (an aluminum-zinc with resin coating). AEP Span products are manufactured at the following locations in the United States:

1) Fontana, California 2) Tacoma, Washington 3) Anchorage, Alaska

Declared Unit
The coverage of 1000 square feet of AEP Span product, used in various metal roofing and wall panel systems.

EPD Number and Period of Validity
SCS-EPD-04385
Beginning Date: February 22, 2017 – End Date: February 21, 2022

Product Category Rule
Product Category Rules for Preparing an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for Product Group: Insulated Metal panels & Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels. Version 1.0. October 9, 2012. Prepared by UL.

Program Operator:
SCS Global Services
2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608
+1.510.452.8000 | www.SCSglobalServices.com

1 ZINCALUME® is a registered trademark of BlueScope Steel Ltd.

© 2017 SCSglobalServices.com	2

Table of Contents
Product and Company Information	cover
Product Description and Scope	3
Declared Unit	5
Material Content	5
Manufacturing Process	7
Applications	7
Product Performance	8
Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Reported Information	9
Life Cycle Impact Assessment	12
Supporting Technical Information	15
References	18

Disclaimers: This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) conforms to ISO 14025, 14040, ISO 14044, and ISO 21930.

Scope of Results Reported: The PCR requires the reporting of a limited set of LCA metrics; therefore, there may be relevant environmental impacts beyond those disclosed by this EPD. The EPD does not indicate that any environmental or social performance benchmarks are met nor thresholds exceeded.
Accuracy of Results: This EPD has been developed in accordance with the PCR applicable for the identified product following the principles, requirements and guidelines of the ISO 14040, ISO 14044, ISO 14025 and ISO 21930 standards. The results in this EPD are estimations of potential impacts. The accuracy of results in different EPDs may vary as a result of value choices, background data assumptions and quality of data collected.
Comparability: EPDs are not comparative  assertions  and  are  either  not  comparable  or  have  limited  comparability  when  they  cover different life cycle stages, are based on different product category rules or are missing relevant environmental impacts. Such comparisons can be inaccurate, and could lead to the erroneous  selection of materials or products  which are higher  impact, at least in some impact categories.      Any comparison of EPDs shall be subject to the requirements of ISO 21930. For comparison of EPDs which report different module scopes, such that one EPD includes Module D and the other does not, the comparison shall only be made on the basis of Modules A1, A2, and A3.
Additionally, when Module D is included in the EPDs being compared, all EPDs must use the same methodology for calculation of Module D values.	

PCR review, was conducted by	Tom Gloria, PhD, Industrial Ecology Consultants (Review Chair) Email: t.gloria@industrial-ecology.com	
Approved: February 22, 2017 Valid until: February 21, 2022	
Independent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006 and ISO 21930:2007	Internal	External	

Third party verifier	

Tom Gloria, PhD, Industrial Ecology Consultants	

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND SCOPE
All AEP Span products are roll formed from bare coated steel (ZINCALUME® Plus coating) or ZINCALUME® coated steel with a paint finish. AEP Span products made without a paint finish are referred to as AEP Span, Bare; while products made from coated steel with a paint finish are referred to as AEP Span, Painted.
AEP Span products are available in: (1) Painted ZINCALUME® coating (an aluminum-zinc coating) and (2) ZINCALUME® Plus coating (an aluminum-zinc coating with resin coating). ZINCALUME® coating is offered in AZ50 coating thickness (0.5 ounce per sq ft). Additionally, TruZinc® steel coating2 (a hot-dip galvanized coating) is available and comes in a coating thickness of G90 (0.9 ounce per sq ft).
This EPD includes an average of AEP Span, Bare and AEP Span, Painted products, simply referred to as AEP Span products. Descriptions of the products represented by this EPD are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Specification of AEP Span products included in the scope, by facility.

AEP Span Product Type	Tacoma, WA facility	Fontana, CA Facility	Anchorage, AK Facility	
	Steel Thickness in Gauge (Ga)	
37.5” Flat Sheet	22-24 Ga	18-24 Ga	-	
37" Flat Sheet	26 Ga	26 Ga	-	
42 15/16" Flat Sheet	20-29 Ga	20-29 Ga	-	
46" Flat Sheet	18-29 Ga	18-29 Ga	-	
48 3/8" Flat Sheet	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	-	
Box RibTM/Reverse Box Rib	18-29 Ga	18-29 Ga	-	
Country Rustic Corrugated®	26 Ga	26 Ga	-	
Design Span® hp 12"	22-24 Ga	22-24 Ga	-	
Design Span® hp 16"	22- 24 Ga	22- 24 Ga	-	
Design Span® hp 17"	22-26 Ga	22- 24 Ga	-	
Design Span® hp 18"	22-24 Ga	22-24 Ga	-	
Flex Series	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	
Flush Panel	20- 26 Ga	20-26Ga	-	
HR-36®/Reverse HR-36	18-29 Ga	18-29 Ga	-	
Klip-Rib®	22-26 Ga	22- 26 Ga	-	
Narrow Batten Select Seam®	22- 24 Ga	22- 24 Ga	-	
Wide Batten Select Seam®	22- 24 Ga	22- 24 Ga	-	

2 TruZinc® is a registered trademark of Steelscape, LLC.

Table 1 (continued). Specification of AEP Span products included in the scope, by facility.

AEP Span Product Type	Tacoma, WA facility	Fontana, CA Facility	Anchorage, AK Facility	
	Steel Thickness in Gauge (Ga)	
Nu-Wave® Corrugated	18-26 Ga	18-29 Ga	-	
Prestige Series®	18-24 Ga	18-24 Ga	-	
Select Seam®	22-24 Ga	18-24 Ga	-	
Span-lokTM /Span lok hp	22- 24 Ga	22- 24 Ga	-	
SpanSeamTM	22- 24 Ga	18-24 Ga	-	
Super-Span®/Reverse Super-Span	20-29 Ga	20-29 Ga	-	
U-Panel	20-29 Ga	20-29 Ga	-	
X-Span®	18-29 Ga	18-29 Ga	-	
C 1.4-32 (CF 13/8”)	18-26 Ga	-	-	
CP 32	18-26 Ga	-	-	
22 ¾” Flat Sheet	22-24 Ga	22-24 Ga	-	
30 3/16” Flat Sheet	22-24 Ga	22-24 Ga	-	
41 9/16” Standard Perforated 33%	26 Ga	26 Ga	-	
48” Flat Sheet	18-28 Ga	18-28 Ga	-	
Mini-V-BeamTM	18-26 Ga	18-26 Ga	-	
TW-12	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	
Perception CollectionTM	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	20-24 Ga	

DECLARED UNIT
The declared unit is defined as the coverage of 1000 square feet with AEP Span products, used in various metal roofing and wall panel systems. The coverage area refers to the projected flat area covered by the AEP Span products, and does not account for losses due to overlap.
Table 2. Declared unit for AEP Span products, and the reference flow for AEP Span products.
AEP Span	
Parameter	Value	Unit	
Declared Unit	1,000	sq ft of coverage	
Reference Flow for AEP Span, Bare	997	lb/ 1000 sq ft	
Reference Flow for AEP Span, Painted	1,031	lb/ 1000 sq ft	

MATERIAL CONTENT
The approximate material content of AEP Span is shown below in Table 3.
Table 3 Material composition of AEP Span.
Material	Percentage of Total Product Mass	
Steel	93-97%	
Metallic Coating (TruZinc® and ZINCALUME® )*	3-7%	
Paint	<0.005%	
*The percentage of coating varies depending on customer specification of coating thickness and gauge of steel. ZINCALUME® coating is offered in AZ50 coating thickness. TruZinc® coating is available and comes in a coating thickness of G90.

Steel: Hot rolled steel coil produced from Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steelmaking.

Metallic Coating:

TruZinc®: A steel coating (hot-dip galvanized) which creates a protective zinc coating over the steel substrate.

ZINCALUME® Plus: A steel coating which creates a protective aluminum-zinc coating over the steel substrate, and with a clear resin coating .
Paint: An organic coating on ZINCALUME® or TruZinc® coated steel.

Ancillary Inputs
In addition to the main material inputs listed above, lubricant and in-line sealants are used as ancillary inputs in the roll forming process to improve field installation and weather tightness.

GATE-TO-GATE PROCESS SYSTEM BOUNDARY

Input Consumables (heavy oils and lubricants)

Input Material (steel coil)

Input Energy Supply (electricity)

Mother Coil Received in Plant

AEP SPAN ROOF AND WALL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING

Non-roll formed products

(Option) If product width is narrower than Mother Coil

Input plastic ﬁlm

Protective Film Application (optional)

Protective Film Application (optional)

Protective Film Application (optional)

Input plastic ﬁlm

Cut to Length

In-line slitting

Roll Forming

Press break or Folder or custom bench work

Input sealant

Input wood, banding and rails

In-line Sealant (optional)

Packaging (banding, stacking and crating)

Fabrication scrap, and recycling

Solid waste (excess dunnage and spent lubricants)

Shipment of Finished Product

Raw Material Extraction and Origin
The steel for AEP Span products are purchased in the form of hot rolled coils from predominantly two Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steel mills. Hot rolled coils are transported to the cold rolling facility in Kalama, Washington, for further processing which includes pickling and cold rolling of steel. The cold rolled steel is subsequently finished with ZINCALUME® coating (an aluminum-zinc coating) or ZINCALUME® Plus coating (an aluminum-zinc coating with resin coating) out of Rancho Cucamonga, CA, depending on customer specifications. In addition to this metallic coating, there is an option for TruZinc® steel coating (a hot-dip galvanized coating) as well.
Raw Material Availability
All raw materials are produced from fossil resources (e.g. coal, coke) and mineral resources such as iron ore, which are of limited availability. Production of the hot rolled steel coil consumes approximately 0.16 kg scrap steel per kg of hot rolled steel.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The manufacturing of AEP Span products across Fontana , Tacoma, and Anchorage facilities involves similar process steps including: de-coiling; coil slitting (optional: in-line slitting or cut-to-length slitting); roll forming; cutting (shearing); and packaging and loading.

Health Protection in Production
AEP Span has developed programs and practices to comply with and exceed regulations set by U.S. Dept. of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Washington State Dept. of Labor & Industries, and California Department of Occupational Health and Safety. Each site has a comprehensive program and includes continuous engagement in program, recordkeeping, employee training, inspections, and monthly reviews.

Environmental Protection in Production
AEP Span has developed programs and practices to comply and exceed regulations set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), California Department of Toxic Substance Control, Washington and California State Regional Water Quality Control Boards, and the San Bernardino County Fire Department (CUPA). The roll-forming production process generates a low impact to the environment and does not require air quality or industrial wastewater discharge permitting. Low quantities of RCRA or non-RCRA hazardous waste from machine maintenance are removed off site semi-annually by Rineco Chemical Industries Inc. and Waste Watch Inc. The Fontana, California facility includes photovoltaic solar panels, which offset up to 85% of the facility’s electricity usage.

Quality Control
AEP Span’s products are continuously monitored for quality. Our single skin, steel roof and wall panels are designed and produced to exceed the product requirements defined within the International Building Code (IBC), as well as other local and national level requirements. Production quality is monitored by third party agencies who conduct regular quality audits, including Underwriters Laboratory (UL), Factory Mutual, as well as IAPMO-ES (with whom we

currently maintain an active IBC code compliance report). Internally, AEP Span has an active quality department that ensures product quality through various measures, including our Zero Defects program. Product has also undergone structural testing and environmental testing (air and water infiltration), to ensure product capacities are defined and made available to assist customers in selecting the best product for their application.

Product Processing – Occupational Safety/Environmental Protection
All scrap metal, wood, paper, and other material that is generated is recycled through local contractors. Schnitzer Steel Industries Inc handles metal recycling. Low quantities of RCRA or non-RCRA hazardous waste from machine maintenance are removed off site semi-annually by Rineco Chemical Industries Inc. and Waste Watch Inc.

Product Processing – Residual Material
All scrap metal, wood, paper, and other material that is generated is recycled through local contractors. Schnitzer Steel Industries Inc handles metal recycling. Low quantities of RCRA or non-RCRA hazardous waste from machine maintenance are removed off site semi-annually by Rineco Chemical Industries Inc. and Waste Watch Inc.

Packaging
AEP Span products are stacked and wrapped with plastic film and subsequently loaded on wooden crates for delivery to the installation site.
APPLICATIONS
AEP Span products are used in new construction and re-roofing applications as metal roofing and wall panel systems. The following provides an example of different functions which can be met using AEP Span products:
Watershed (system designed to resist water penetration in sloping applications)
Watertight (seam designed and tested to resist standing water)
Structural (capable of spanning between supports)
Non-structural (must be installed over solid substrate, such as plywood decking)
Aesthetic and Non-Aesthetic Roof
Horizontal and Vertical Wall
Fascia
Ceiling
Soffit

PRODUCT PERFORMANCE
AEP Span products included in this EPD meet the requirements of the following performance standards:
Product Profiles	
ASTM A568-13a (General Requirements, Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Structural, High-Str, Low-Alloy, HR & CR)	
ASTM A653M – 11 (Steel Sheet, Galvanized or Galvannealed, by the HD Process)	
ASTM A792M – 10 (Steel Sheet, 55% Al-Zn Alloy-Coated by the HD Process)	
ASTM A924-10 (General Requirements, Steel Sheet, Metallic-Coated by HD Process)	
Paint Finish Performance	
ASTM D523 Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss	
ASTM D2244 Standard Test Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates	
ASTM D2247 Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity	
ASTM D2794 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)	
ASTM D4214 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films	
ASTM D4145 Standard Test Method for Coating Flexibility of Prepainted Sheet	
ASTM D3359 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test	
ASTM D968 Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive	
ASTM D1308 Standard Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes	
ASTM B117 Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus	
ASTM 5894 Standard Practice for Cyclic Salt Fog/UV Exposure of Painted Metal, (Alternating Exposures in a Fog/Dry Cabinet and a UV/Condensation Cabinet)	
ASTM D822 Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings	
ASTM D3363 Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test	
ASTM D5796 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin-Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device	

PRODUCT PERFORMANCE (continued).

Metal Roof Performance	
ASTM E1592 Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roofing and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference	
ASTM E1646 Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static Air Difference	
ASTM E1680 Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems	
Metal Wall Performance	
ASTM E283 Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen	
ASTM E1592 Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roofing and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference	
ASTM E331 Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference	
Fire Performance	
ASTM E84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials	
ASTM E119 Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials	
UL Fire Resistance Directory	
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT STAGES AND REPORTED INFORMATION
Product System Boundary
The product system boundaries for the AEP Span products in this EPD includes production of the product (Module A1, A2 and A3). This includes resource extraction, steelmaking, transport to ASC Profiles’ roll forming facilities, and product manufactured. Since this EPD does not include the use phase, the product’s Reference Service Life is
not specified. The diagram on the following page is a representation of the most significant contributions to the potential environmental impacts from production of AEP Span products.

Steel Scrap Processing	Iron Ore Mining	

BOF Steel (Hot Rolled Coil)

Raw Material Extraction
and Processing (A1)

Metallic Coating of Steel

Cold Rolling

Transport to Manufacturer (A2)

Manufacturing (A3)

Transport to Manufacturer

Manufacture of ASC Steel Deck

Construction Process Stage (A4 - A5)

Use Stage

Use Stage (B1- B7)

End-of-Life

End-Of-Life Stage (C1- C4)

© 2017 SCSglobalServices.com	11

Recycling Potential

Recovery

Reuse

Benefits and Loads Beyond the System Boundaries (D)

Transportation	Energy	Denotes System Boundary

The following provides a brief description of the life cycle stages considered for AEP Span products in this EPD.

Module A1: Extraction and processing of raw materials
This life cycle stage includes all the unit processes related to hot rolled steel coil production, transportation of hot rolled steel coil to cold rolling facilities for further processing, pickling and cold rolling operations, and metallic coating (e.g., hot-dip galvanization).

Module A2: Transport to manufacturer
This life cycle stage includes the transportation of coated steel produced from Kalama, Washington, and Rancho Cucamonga, CA to the ASC Profiles roll forming facilities in Fontana, California; Tacoma, Washington; and Anchorage, Alaska.

Module A3: Manufacture of AEP Span
This life cycle stage includes the manufacture of AEP Span products at the Fontana, Tacoma, and Anchorage roll forming facilities. The manufacturing process involves de-coiling, coil slitting, roll forming, cutting (shearing); and packaging. This life cycle stage also includes the generation of electricity, and production of ancillary material inputs (e.g. packaging, lubricants) for facility operations.

LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Results are reported according to the LCIA methodologies of Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI version 2.0) and CML-IA version 4.1. See Table 4 for results. There are impact categories which are not addressed by this EPD, including impacts to biomes, habitat disruption, and human health.

Table 4. Results for the declared unit for AEP Span (1000 square feet coverage) by life cycle stage. Results are reported with two significant digits.

Product Stage	
	Raw Material Extraction/ Processing	Transport to the Manu- facturer	
Manu- facturing	
Impact Category	Category Indicator	Indicator Description	Unit	A1	A2	A3	

Global warminga	
Global Warming Potential	
Global Warming Potential (GWP)	
kg CO2 eq/ 1000 sq ft	
1,400	
3.9	
160	

Ozone Depletiona	
Ozone Depletion Potential	
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	
kg CFC-11 eq/ 1000 sq ft	
6.7x10-5	
9.9x10-7	
2.6x10-5	

Acidification of land and watera	
Acid Emissions	Acidification Potential of soil and water (AP)	
mol H+/ 1000 sq ft	
560	
0.99	
50	
Eutrophication (freshwater)a	Phosphorus and nitrogen emissions	Eutrophication potential (EP)	kg N eq/ 1000 sq ft	
3.0	
4.4x10-3	
0.57	

Photochemical Ozone Creationa	Max. Pot. for Ozone Formation	Formation potential of tropospheric ozone (POCP)	
kg O3 eq/ 1000 sq ft	
110	
0.42	
8.8	

Depletion of abiotic resources (elements)b	
Aggregated Depletion of Extracted Resources	
Abiotic depletion potential (ADP- elements) for non- fossil resources	
kg Sb eq/ 1000 sq ft	

0.14	

7.3x10-6	

8.5x10-4	

Depletion of abiotic resources (fossil)b	
Fossil fuel consumption	
Abiotic depletion potential (ADP- fossil fuels) for fossil resources	

MJ/1000 sq ft	

14,000	

65	

3,200	
a Calculated using TRACI v2.0.
b Calculated using CML-IA v4.1.

Resource Use
The PCR requires that several parameters be reported in the EPD, including resource use, waste categories and output flows, and other environmental information. The results for these parameters per declared unit are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Resource use results for declared unit of 1000 square feet of AEP Span, painted product. All values are rounded to two significant digits. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating (i.e., net calorific) values.

Product Stage	
	Raw Material Extraction/ Processing	
Transport to the Manufacturer	
Manu- facturing	
Parameter	Unit	A1	A2	A3	
Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials	MJ/1000
sq. ft	
610	
0.45	
125	
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials	MJ/1000 sq. ft	0.0	0.0	0.0	
Total use of renewable primary energy resources	
MJ/1000 sq. ft	
610	
0.45	
125	
Use of nonrenewable primary energy excluding nonrenewable primary energy resources used as raw materials	
MJ/1000 sq. ft	
24,000	
61	
3,400	
Use of nonrenewable primary energy resources used as
raw materials	
kg/1000 sq ft	
0.0	
0.0	
0.0	

Total use of nonrenewable primary energy resources (primary energy and primary energy resources used as raw materials)	
MJ/1000 sq. ft	
24,000	
62	
3,400	
Use of secondary materials	kg/1000 sq ft	72	0.0	0.0	

Use of renewable secondary fuels	MJ/1000
sq. ft	
0.0	
0.0	
0.0	

Use of nonrenewable secondary fuels	MJ/1000
sq. ft	
INA	
INA	
INA	

Net use of fresh water	
m3/1000 sq ft	
6.2	
0.0	
0.14	

Nonhazardous waste disposed	
kg/1000 sq ft	
61	
5.2	
44	

	

Product Stage	
	Raw Material Extraction/ Processing	
Transport to the Manufacturer	
Manu- facturing	
Parameter	Unit	A1	A2	A3	

Hazardous waste disposed	
kg/1000 sq. ft	
0.024	
0.0	
0.0	

Radioactive Waste disposed	
kg/1000 sq ft	
3.4x10-3	
7.0x10-5	
1.7 x10-3	

Components for re-use	
MJ/1000 sq. ft	
Negligible	
Negligible	
Negligible	

Materials for recycling	
kg/1000 sq.ft	
N/A	
0.0	
27	

Materials for energy recovery	
MJ/1000 sq. ft	
Negligible	
Negligible	
Negligible	

Exported energy	
MJ/1000 sq. ft”	
Negligible	
0.0	
0.0	
N/A = Not applicable.
INA = Indicator not assessed due to lack of specific data.

Scaling Results to Different Gauge Products
This EPD is based on 1000 square feet coverage of AEP Span. AEP Span products are purchased based on coverage area of the roofing and wall panel systems. To translate results from the EPD to a specific gauge of AEP Span, the scaling factors in Table 6 can be applied. To apply the factors for 1000 sq ft of a specific gauge of steel, multiply the scaling factor in Table 6 with the results in Tables 4 or Table 5.

Table 6 Scaling factor to be applied to the LCIA results for 1,000 sq ft of AEP Span, by gauge.
Gauge	18	20	22	24	26	29	
Scaling Factor	1.8617	1.4335	1.1973	0.9139	0.7177	0.5812	

SUPPORTING TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Data Sources
The life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis was conducted using SimaPro 8.2 software, drawing upon data from mix of primary and secondary data sources, summarized in Table 7. These inventory data sources were used to create results for each inventory flow relative to the declared unit of one metric ton.

Table 7. Data sources used for the LCA.
Product	Dataset	Publication Date	
Hot Rolled Coil	Cradle-to-gate LCI data from steel mill in Australia Cradle-to-gate LCI data from steel mill in Japan	2013- 2014;
2014	
Pickling	Hydrochloric acid, without water, in 30% solution state {RoW}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1	2015	
Cold Rolling	Rolling oil: White mineral oil, at plant/RNA
Grinding Coolant: Lubricating oil {GLO} | market for | Alloc Rec1	2010; 2015	
Lubricants	Lubricating oil {GLO} | market for | Alloc Rec1	2014	

Galvanized Coating Process	Zinc {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1
Primer: Acrylic binder, without water, in 34% solution state {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1
Passivant: Proxy datasets of Sodium dichromate {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, and U1 Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, without water, in 85% solution state {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 were used to represent Chemetall Okemcoat F1 (blend of chromium(III) phosphate, phosphoric acid and chromic
(VI) acid).	

2015	

ZINCALUME® Coating Process	Aluminium, primary, liquid {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 Zinc {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1
Primer: Acrylic binder, without water, in 34% solution state {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1
Passivant: Proxy datasets of Sodium dichromate {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, and U1 Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, without water, in 85% solution state {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 were used to represent Chemetall Okemcoat F1 (blend of chromium(III) phosphate, phosphoric acid and chromic
(VI) acid).	

2015	

Paint Process	Paint pretreatment: Proxy dataset of Sodium dichromate {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 was used to represent Chemetall Permatreat 1500 (blend of chromic(VI) acid and chromium (III) chromate (VI)
Fluoropolymer: Polyvinylfluoride, film {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 PET primer: Polyester resin, unsaturated {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1 Solvent: Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether {GLO}| market for | Alloc Rec, U1	

2015	
Packaging	
Wood dunnage	Waste wood, post-consumer {GLO}| waste wood, post-consumer, Recycled Content cut-off | Alloc Rec, U1	2015	
Plastic shrink wrap	Packaging film, low density polyethylene {GLO} | market for |Alloc Rec1	2015	
Steel banding	Steel, low-alloyed, hot rolled {GLO}1	2015	

Resource Use	

Electricity use	The dataset represents the supply mix of electricity, including transmission & distribution losses, for eGRID power subregions, representing the locations of manufacturing facilities operated by ASC Profiles.	
2015	
Propane	Propane, burned in building machine {GLO} | Propane, burned in building machine | Alloc Rec1	2014	
Natural gas	Heat, district or industrial, natural gas {GLO}| market group for | Alloc Rec, U1	2015	
Diesel	Diesel, combusted in industrial boiler/US2	2011	
Gasoline	Gasoline, combusted in equipment/US2	2011	
1 Ecoinvent v3.2 database. 2 US Life Cycle Inventory NREL database.

Data Quality
Table 8. Data quality assessment of Life Cycle Inventory.
Data Quality Parameter	Data Quality Discussion	
Time-Related Coverage:
Age of data and the minimum length of time over which data is collected	Manufacturer provided primary data for roll forming processes occurring at two facilities (Fontana, and Tacoma) based on annual production for 2015. Primary data for Fontana and Tacoma roll forming facilities was averaged and used to represent the Anchorage roll forming facility in Alaska. Primary data was provided for upstream hot rolled steel production by two steel mills. Primary data for intermediate processing of hot rolled coil including cold rolling and coating operations were based on annual production for calendar year 2015. Representative datasets (secondary data) used for upstream and background processes are generally less than 6 years old (typically 2010 or more recent).	
Geographical Coverage: Geographical area from which data for unit processes is collected to satisfy the goal of the study	The data used in the analysis is considered to be of high quality and provide the best possible representation available with current data. Primary data was obtained for product manufacture and upstream steel making operations. Representative data from Europe were adapted to US regional electricity grid mixes and are considered sufficiently similar to actual processes.	
Technology Coverage:
Specific technology or technology mix	Data are representative of the actual technologies used for processing, transportation, and manufacturing operations. Data was collected for all key processes including steelmaking, pickling, cold rolling, coating and roll forming.	
Precision:
Measure of the variability of the data values for each data expressed.	Precision of results are not quantified due to a lack of data. Data collected for operations were typically averaged for one or more years and over multiple operations, which is expected to reduce the variability of results.	
Completeness: Percentage of flow that is measured or estimated	The LCA model included all known mass and energy flows for production of AEP Span products. No known processes or activities contributing to more than 1% of the total environmental impact for each indicator are excluded.	
Representativeness: Qualitative assessment of the degree to which the data set reflects the true population of interest.	Overall, data used in the assessment represent actual production of AEP Span products. Primary data is used to model upstream steelmaking and it is considered to be representative of the actual technologies used for steelmaking in Australia and Japan.	
Consistency:
Qualitative assessment of whether the study methodology is applied uniformly to the various components of the analysis.	The consistency of the assessment is considered to be high. Data sources of similar quality and age are used; with a bias towards Ecoinvent data where available.	
Reproducibility:
Qualitative assessment of the extent to which information about the methodology and data values would allow an independent practitioner to reproduce the results reported in the study	Based on the description of data and assumptions used, this assessment would be reproducible by other practitioners. All assumptions, models, and data sources are documented.	

Data Quality Parameter	Data Quality Discussion	
Sources of the Data: Description of all primary and secondary data sources	Data representing operations at the manufacturers’ facilities represent an annual average. Primary data were available for all key processes across the supply chain including steelmaking, cold rolling, coating and roll forming of AEP Span. LCI datasets from Ecoinvent were used to model chemical inputs such as lubricants, resins and other chemicals.	
Uncertainty of the Information:
E.g. data, models, and assumptions.	Uncertainty related to the product materials and packaging is low. Data for upstream operations relied upon use of actual processes and technologies used for steelmaking. These datasets
are considered to be geographical representative as primary data was collected from the steel mills. Uncertainty related to the impact assessment methods used in the study is relatively high. The impact assessment method required by the PCR includes impact potentials, which lack characterization of providing and receiving environments or tipping points.	

Allocation
The study followed the allocation guidelines of ISO 14044, and sought to minimize the use of allocation wherever possible. Secondary databases used for the product system apply allocation based primarily on physical relationships.

Resource and energy use for the three ASC Profiles manufacturing facilities were allocated using a mass-based approach, based on the total production of finished products at each facility.

Limitations
Specific data were not available on passivants, resins and pretreatment chemicals used during the metallic coating process of steel. To address this limitation, representative datasets from Ecoinvent were identified and incorporated in the LCA model, based on information in the SDS (safety data sheets) provided by the manufacturer.

Comparison of the environmental performance of construction products should be based on the product’s use in a building, considering the complete life cycle. Results that do not consider the complete building context are inappropriate for comparing construction products. As the scope of this LCA is the production of steel construction products, and does not include impacts on the building, indicator results presented in this LCA cannot be compared directly to another material type, unless these products have equivalent use phase impacts and identical effects on the whole building.

The results presented should be considered in the context of operational impacts from the function of the integrated whole building system. When the building lifetime is taken into account, the impacts resulting from the production of these steel products can range from small, to significant, due to the nearly limitless number of building designs possible.

Cut-off Criteria
All inputs and outputs relevant to the production of AEP Span products were included in the LCA calculations. According to PCR, processes contributing greater than 1% of the total environmental impact indicator for each impact must be included in the inventory. All known materials and processes were included in the life cycle inventory.

REFERENCES
Final Report: Life Cycle Assessment of ASC Steel Deck and AEP Span, based on BOF Steel. Prepared for ASC Profiles LLC. SCS Global Services. February 2017.
North American Product Category Rule for Designated Steel Construction Products. SCS Global Services. Version 1.0. May 2015.
ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and Procedures.
ISO 14040: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and GuidelinesISO 14044: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and Guidelines.
ISO 14044: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and Guidelines.
ISO 21930: 2007 Sustainability in building construction – Environmental declaration of building products.
EN 15804:2012+A1:2013. Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products. 2013.
SCS Type III Environmental Declaration Program: Program Operator Manual. SCS Global Services. v7. October 2015.
Bare, J., et al. TRACI – The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts. Journal of Industrial Ecology. Volume 6, no. 3-4 (2003). http://mitpress.mit.edu/jie
CML-IA Characterization Factors v4.1. Leiden University, Institute of Environmental Sciences. October 2012.
Ecoinvent Centre (2015) ecoinvent data from v3.2. Swiss Center for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, 2010, http://www.ecoinvent.org
US Life Cycle Inventory Database. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. http://www.nrel.gov/lci

AEP Span
2141 Milwaukee Way, Tacoma, Washington 98421
2441 Cinnabar Loop, Anchorage, Alaska 99507
10905 Beech Avenue Fontana, California 92337 800.726.2727 | www.aepspan.com | info@aepspan.com

SCS Global Services
2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
main +1.510.452.8000 | fax +1.510.452.8001